After

After
After Sm erw. fach. (11. Jh., Bedeutung 14. Jh.), mhd. after, ahd. aft(e)ro, mndd. achter(e), echter Stammwort. Ist eine nur deutsche Substantivierung des Adjektivs ahd. aft(e)ro. Bedeutet also "der Hintere" (vgl. Hintern), vielleicht Lehnbedeutung von l. posteriora n. Pl.; später Bedeutungsverengung auf "Öffnung des Darmkanals" (evtl. unter Einfluß von afterdarm). Das Adjektiv after, achter wurde gebildet aus dem Adverb g. * after- in gt. aftaro, anord. eptir, ae. æfter, as. aftar, ahd. aftar "hinter, hinten" (neuhochdeutsche Verbreitung von achter: DSA, Karte 60); dieses wiederum gehört zu ig. * apo "ab, weg, zurück, hinter", dessen Problematik unter aber behandelt wird. In anderen germanischen Sprachen tritt ein entsprechendes Adjektiv nur im Komparativ und Superlativ auf (ae. æfterra, anord. eptri, gt. aftuma), so daß der Positiv im Deutschen wohl sekundär ist (das Suffix * -ter des Adverbs ist eine dem Komparativ nahestehende Gegensatzbildung). Adverb und Adjektiv gehen im Hochdeutschen schon früh zurück, möglicherweise bedingt durch die als anstößig empfundene Bedeutung des Substantivs. aber, achter, ob-.
✎ Lloyd/Springer 1 (1988), 63-67. deutsch iz.

Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache. 2013.

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